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Descrizione : 3rd century AD. A Mithraic cult military silver plate brooch or phalera with openwork face, monogram 'SOL' for Sol Invictus, catch and hinge-lugs to the reverse added later. See Hattatt, R., Ancient Brooches and Other Artefacts, Oxford, 1989, item 1622, for type. 11.2 grams, 31mm (1 1/4). From the private collection of Antony John Scammell (1937-2019), acquired on the UK art market from 1960-2000. The Sol Invictus ('Unconquered Sun') was the official sun god of the later Roman Empire and a patron of soldiers. On 25 December AD 274, the Roman emperor Aurelian made it an official religion alongside the traditional Roman cults. Symbols of the new official religion were worn on the military fittings, like belts, buckles, phalerae, fibulae, scabbards, linked to the Sun Mithraic cult popular among the soldiers. Antony John Scammell (1937-2019) was born, and lived his entire life, in the city of Bristol, England. Already from an early age he was enthralled by history and the heroes that it created. While serving overseas with the British Army, Antony began collecting coins and banknotes and this led to collecting a variety of different items throughout his life. From the early 1960s onward, Antony invested in acquiring ancient artefacts. Antony's vast collections started with Egyptian antiquities, but soon branched into Greek and Roman civilisations. The Roman civilisation fascinated him most and, when family commitments allowed, archaeological digs were coordinated in the west of England. These digs uncovered numerous artefacts, many of which were donated to local museums. In retirement, the collecting continued apace, branching into UK coins, British Empire banknotes and fossils. [No Reserve]
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